Choosing the Right Ladder: A Comprehensive Guide

Written by Staff Writer

If you’ve ever changed a light bulb, cleared gutters or framed a wall, you’ve probably relied on a ladder to get the job done. But with so many options on the market, choosing the right type can be overwhelming. It’s important to pick a model that matches the work, so you stay safe and in control.

This guide breaks down common designs, looking at where each design excels, proper setup and safety habits that help prevent falls.

Understanding Different Options

The best ladder for the job depends on your work environment, the task at hand and the height you need to reach.

Step

This self-supporting design folds open into a classic A-shape. They are best suited for light-duty indoor tasks. However, the limited height is not suitable for most outdoor jobs, which require stable, level surfaces.

This is a solid option when you need to frequently reach lower heights to complete quick jobs.

Extension

As the name implies, sliding sections extend upward to reach higher areas. They need to lean against a structure for stability, and you need solid footing and a secure top contact point to use them.

These work best for outdoor tasks like roof access, exterior painting, window work or tree trimming. However, transporting such a long, heavy, bulky piece of equipment may require a specialized roof rack.

Multi-Position

Sometimes called a multi-use or articulating ladder, this versatile device can be configured into different shapes as needed. Most models can work as a step, extension, scaffold base or stairway ladder.

These are great if you do varied jobs and want a single piece of equipment that can adapt to multiple situations. However, they can take longer to set up and often weigh more than other styles.

Platform

These look like step ladders but include a metal working surface near the top. This makes it easier to use at maximum height for long periods of time, but also makes them unsuitable for jobs in tight spaces.

They are a good alternative for longer tasks when you need a supportive platform to stand on.

Telescoping

These work like an extension ladder, but the individual sections collapse down into a smaller size for storage and transport. They are lightweight and compact, but these designs sacrifice durability and stability to achieve convenience.

They are a good choice if you have limited storage space or need to store a ladder in a vehicle.

Choosing Ladders for Construction Sites

Construction work is hard on equipment. As a construction worker, you must complete jobs on uneven ground, move equipment repeatedly and carry tools while climbing. That means you should prioritize stability and durability while selecting equipment made of the right material for any potential hazards.

Here are some factors to consider:

• Durability — Construction equipment must withstand heavy use and harsh conditions. A high-quality model may cost more up front, but can save you money in the long run.
• Material — Opt for models made from durable materials like fiberglass or aluminum. Fiberglass is a safer choice around electrical circuits because it doesn’t conduct electricity. On the other hand, aluminum is lighter and easier to carry but is a conductive metal, so it should be kept away from any electrical hazards.
• Height Requirements — Assess the maximum working height needed for your tasks. Ensure the ladder extends high enough to reach without sacrificing stability.
• Weight Capacity — Keep weight capacity in mind. If you often carry tools and materials, select a ladder that can safely support both you and any additional equipment you might need.
• Stability Features — This is paramount on any jobsite. Look for features like wide bases, slip-resistant rungs and stabilizing bars. Some models also have rubber feet for added grip on uneven surfaces.
• Portability — If you frequently travel between jobs, make sure you can easily transport and carry the ladder without risking injury.
• Safety Compliance — To ensure your safety, check that each model complies with all relevant Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requirements.
• Training and Safety Practices — Proper training is essential for safety on construction sites. Ensure that you, and any other workers who might use the device, are trained in ladder safety practices — including how to set up, use and inspect equipment before use.

You don’t save time by cutting corners on access equipment. When the tool fits the job and the crew uses it the right way, you can avoid injuries and delays from day one.

Maintenance and Care

A simple maintenance routine keeps equipment safer and extends its service life. Here are some tips to keep your tools performing safely:

• Regular Inspections — Check for signs of wear and tear, such as loose rivets, damaged feet, split rails, worn rung connections and failing locks.
• Cleaning — Keep your ladder clean and free from debris. After each job, wipe off any mud, paint, drywall dust, oil or grease so your feet and hands stay secure on steps and rails.
• Storage — Keep stored ladders dry, protected from extreme heat and properly supported to prevent warping. Avoid leaving them where vehicles or doors can strike them.
• Manufacturer Guidelines — Use the manufacturer’s recommended cleaning methods, replacement parts and repair rules. Replace units that can’t be properly repaired.

Just like with any other equipment, think long term. A little upkeep now saves you from early replacement or a preventable injury later.

Essential Safety Tips

Most accidents, like falls, are the result of bad habits and skipped safety procedures. Rushing, overreaching, damaged equipment and improper setup can all result in serious injuries.

To avoid a bad situation, follow these guidelines every time you break out a ladder of any size:

• Set up on stable ground. Place the feet on a firm, level surface. If the ground is uneven, consider using stabilizers or levelers.
• Keep three points of contact. Maintain contact using two hands and one foot or two feet and one hand at all times as you climb.
• Face the rungs. Move slowly and keep yourself pointed in the right direction both while climbing and descending.
• Avoid bad weather. Wind, rain, ice and wet surfaces raise the risk of slips and loss of control.
• Don’t improvise. Never use a ladder as a bridge, a ramp or a scaffold plank unless it’s designed and rated for that purpose.

Always choose safety, even on small tasks. Most falls happen when people take shortcuts, so build habits you can stick to even when distracted or in a hurry.

Training for Safer Use

Picking a ladder doesn’t have to be complicated. Picture the of projects you tackle and the places you work most. Choose the tool that will help you easily achieve those goals — no wobbling, awkward lifting or unsafe stretching required.

Whether you supervise crews, train new hires or just want a stronger safety foundation for yourself, online instruction helps reinforce consistent practices across different jobsites and job types. OSHA Education Center offers a variety of convenient self-paced training courses to protect you and your crew.

• Stairways and Ladders Certificate Course — Covers safe use rules in the workplace.
• Ladder Safety General Certificate Course — A solid baseline for everyday use and hazard awareness.
• Ladder Safety Certificate Course — Focused training for safer setup, climbing and work practices.
• NYC SST 1-Hour Stairways and Ladders — A targeted course to meet NYC SST requirements.

Start with the course that best fits your requirements, then apply what you learn to every job until safety becomes second nature.